<?xml version="1.0" encoding='ISO-8859-1'?>
<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!-- Include general documentation entities -->
<!ENTITY % docentities SYSTEM "../../../../doc/docbook/entities.xml">
%docentities;
]>
<!-- cfgutils Module User's Guide -->
<chapter>
<title>&adminguide;</title>
<section>
<title>Overview</title>
<para>Useful extensions for the server configuration.</para>
<para>
The cfgutils module can be used to introduce randomness to
the behaviour of the server. It provides setup functions
and the <quote>rand_event</quote> function. This function return either
true or false, depending on a random value and a specified probability.
E.g. if you set via fifo or script a probability value of 5%, then 5% of
all calls to rand_event will return true.
The pseudovariable <quote>$RANDOM</quote> could be used to introduce
random values e.g. into a SIP reply.
</para>
<para>
The benefit of this module is the probability of the decision
can be manipulated by external applications such as web interface
or command line tools. The probability must be specified as
percent value, ranging from 0 to 100.
</para>
<para>
The module exports commands to FIFO server that can be used to change
the global settings via FIFO interface. The FIFO commands are:
<quote>set_prob</quote>, <quote>reset_prob</quote> and
<quote>get_prob</quote>.
</para>
<para>
This module can be used for simple load-shedding, e.g. reply 5% of
the Invites with a 503 error and a adequate random Retry-After value.
</para>
<para>
The module provides as well functions to delay the execution of the
server. The functions <quote>sleep</quote> and <quote>usleep</quote> could
be used to let the server wait a specific time interval.
</para>
<para>It can also hash the config file used from the server with a (weak)
cryptographic hash function on startup. This value is saved and can be
later compared to the actual hash, to detect modifications of this file
after the server start. This functions are available as the FIFO commands
<quote>check_config_hash</quote> and <quote>get_config_hash</quote>.
</para>
<para>
The gflags functionality (global flags) keeps a bitmap of flags in shared
memory and may be used to change behaviour of server based on value of the
flags. Example:
<programlisting format="linespecific">
if (is_gflag("1")) {
t_relay("udp:10.0.0.1:5060");
} else {
t_relay("udp:10.0.0.2:5060");
}
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
The benefit of this is the value of the switch flags can be manipulated
by external applications such as web interface or command line tools.
The size of bitmap is 32.
</para>
<para>
The module exports external commands that can be used to change
the global flags via Management Interface and RPC. See relevant
sections below.
</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Dependencies</title>
<para>
The module depends on the following modules (in the other words the
listed modules must be loaded before this module):
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>none</emphasis></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Parameters</title>
<section id="cfgutils.p.initial_propability">
<title><varname>initial_probability</varname> (string)</title>
<para>
The initial value of the probability.
</para>
<para>
Default value is
<quote>10</quote>.
</para>
<example>
<title><varname>initial_probability</varname> parameter usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("cfgutils", "initial_probability", 15)
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.p.hash_file">
<title><varname>hash_file</varname> (string)</title>
<para>
The config file name for that a hash value should be calculated on startup.
</para>
<para>
There is no default value, is no parameter is given the hash functionality
is disabled.
</para>
<example>
<title><varname>hash_file</varname> parameter usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("cfgutils", "hash_file", "/etc/kamailio/&kamailioconfig;")
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.p.initial_gflags">
<title><varname>initial_gflags</varname> (integer)</title>
<para>
The initial value of global flags bitmap.
</para>
<para>
Default value is <quote>0</quote>.
</para>
<example>
<title><varname>initial</varname> parameter usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("cfgutils", "initial_gflags", 15)
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.p.lock_set_size">
<title><varname>lock_set_size</varname> (integer)</title>
<para>
Size of lock set - the value is used as power of two to compute the
size of lock array.
</para>
<para>
Default value is <quote>0</quote> - no lock set created.
</para>
<example>
<title><varname>lock_set_size</varname> parameter usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("cfgutils", "lock_set_size", 4)
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title>Functions</title>
<section id="cfgutils.f.rand_event">
<title><function moreinfo="none">rand_event()</function></title>
<para>
Return true or false, depending on a random value and a
probability value.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">rand_event()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (rand_event()) {
append_to_reply("Retry-After: 120\n");
sl_send_reply("503", "Try later");
exit;
};
# normal message processing follows
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.rand_set_prob">
<title><function moreinfo="none">rand_set_prob(probability)</function></title>
<para>
Set the <quote>probability</quote> of the decision.
</para>
<para>
<quote>probability</quote> can have a value from the range 0..100.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">rand_set_prob()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
rand_set_prob("4");
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.rand_reset_prob">
<title><function moreinfo="none">rand_reset_prob()</function></title>
<para>
Reset the probability back to the initial value.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">rand_reset_prob()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
rand_reset_prob();
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.rand_get_prob">
<title><function moreinfo="none">rand_get_prob()</function></title>
<para>
Return the current probability setting, e.g. for logging purposes.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">rand_get_prob()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
rand_get_prob();
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.sleep">
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">sleep(time)</function>
</title>
<para>
Waits "time" seconds.
</para>
<para>Meaning of the parameters is as follows:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>time</emphasis> - Time to wait in seconds.
It can be an integer or a variable
holding an integer.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
This function can be used from ANY_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function>sleep</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
sleep("1");
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.usleep">
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">usleep(time)</function>
</title>
<para>
Waits "time" micro-seconds.
</para>
<para>Meaning of the parameters is as follows:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>time</emphasis> - Time to wait in micro-seconds
(1/1000000 of a second). It can be an integer or a variable
holding an integer.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
This function can be used from ANY_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function>usleep</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
# wait 5 milliseconds
usleep("5000");
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.abort">
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">abort()</function>
</title>
<para>
Debugging function that aborts the server. Depending on the
configuration of the server a core dump will be created.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE,
FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function>abort</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
abort();
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.pkg_status">
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">pkg_status()</function>
</title>
<para>
Debugging function that dumps the status for the private (PKG) memory.
This information is logged to the default log facility, depending on
the general log level and the memlog setting. You need to compile
the server with activated memory debugging to get detailed informations.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE,
FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function>pkg_status</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
pkg_status();
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.pkg_summary">
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">pkg_summary()</function>
</title>
<para>
Debugging function that dumps the summary for the private (PKG) memory
usage. This information is logged to the default log facility,
depending on the general log level and the memlog setting. You need
to compile the server with activated memory debugging to get detailed
informations.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from ANY_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function>pkg_summary</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
pkg_summary();
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.shm_status">
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">shm_status()</function>
</title>
<para>
Debugging function that dumps the status for the shared (SHM) memory.
This information is logged to the default log facility, depending on
the general log level and the memlog setting. You need to compile
the server with activated memory debugging to get detailed informations.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE,
FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function>shm_status</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
shm_status();
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.shm_summary">
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">shm_summary()</function>
</title>
<para>
Debugging function that dumps the summary for the shared (SHM) memory
usage. This information is logged to the default log facility,
depending on the general log level and the memlog setting. You need
to compile the server with activated memory debugging to get detailed
informations.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from ANY_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function>shm_summary</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
shm_summary();
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.set_gflag">
<title><function moreinfo="none">set_gflag(flag)</function></title>
<para>
Set the bit at the position <quote>flag</quote> in global flags.
</para>
<para>
<quote>flag</quote> can have a value in the range of 0..31.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
ONREPLY_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">set_gflag()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
set_gflag("4");
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.reset_gflag">
<title><function moreinfo="none">reset_gflag(flag)</function></title>
<para>
Reset the bit at the position <quote>flag</quote> in global flags.
</para>
<para>
<quote>flag</quote> can have a value in the range of 0..31.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
ONREPLY_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">reset_gflag()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
reset_gflag("4");
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.is_gflag">
<title><function moreinfo="none">is_gflag(flag)</function></title>
<para>
Check if bit at the position <quote>flag</quote> in global flags is
set.
</para>
<para>
<quote>flag</quote> can have a value in the range of 0..31.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
ONREPLY_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">is_gflag()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if(is_gflag("4"))
{
log("global flag 4 is set\n");
} else {
log("global flag 4 is not set\n");
};
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.lock">
<title><function moreinfo="none">lock(key)</function></title>
<para>
Lock the key. Can be used to synchronize operations in config file,
a hash id is computed over the key and appropriate lock is set in the
lock array controlled by parameter "lock_set_size". Do not use lock()
after another lock() unless you are sure the keys hit different array
entries.
</para>
<para>
<quote>key</quote> can be static string or string with PVs.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
ONREPLY_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">lock()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
lock("$rU");
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.trylock">
<title><function moreinfo="none">trylock(key)</function></title>
<para>
Try to lock the key. If the lock can not be obtained (possibly already locked),
the function returns an error and script execution continues.
</para>
<para>
<quote>key</quote> can be static string or string with PVs.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
ONREPLY_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">trylock()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (trylock("$rU")) {
xlog("L_INFO", "Doing some cool stuff\n");
unlock("$rU");
}
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.unlock">
<title><function moreinfo="none">unlock(key)</function></title>
<para>
Unlock the key.
</para>
<para>
<quote>key</quote> can be static string or string with PVs.
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
ONREPLY_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">unlock()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
unlock("$rU");
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.check_route_exists">
<title><function moreinfo="none">check_route_exists(route)</function></title>
<para>
Check if a route block exists. It returns true (1) on found and false on
not found or error.
</para>
<para>Parameters:</para>
<para>
<quote>name</quote> of a route block in the config file, like <quote>route[FROGJUMP]</quote>
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from any route. You can only check for
route[] blocks, not reply, event or other routes.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">check_route_exists()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if(check_route_exists("JUMP") {
$var(jumping_frogs) = 1;
};
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.route_if_exists">
<title><function moreinfo="none">route_if_exists(route)</function></title>
<para>
Execute a routing block only if it is defined. If it's not defined, silently
move to the next action in the configuration script.
</para>
<para>
It returns the code of last action in the route block, if that exists, or
false if the route doesn't exists or was an error executing it.
</para>
<para>Parameters:</para>
<para>
<quote>name</quote> of a route block in the config file, like <quote>route[FROGJUMP]</quote>
</para>
<para>
This function can be used from any route. You can only execute it for
route[] blocks, not reply, event or other routes.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">route_if_exists()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if(route_if_exists("JUMP")) {
exit;
}
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.f.core_hash">
<title><function moreinfo="none">core_hash(string1, string2, size)</function></title>
<para>
Exported function that enables the core_hash() function to be used
from the configuration file.
</para>
<para>
This is a quick and simple hash function and it is not
cryptographically secure. This function should not be used for
any security related purposes.
</para>
<para>Parameters:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><quote>string1</quote> first string to
hash</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><quote>string2</quote> (optional) second
string to hash (set to "" if not
needed)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><quote>size</quote> size of the hash space
(used as a power of 2)</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>This function can be used from ANY_ROUTE.</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">core_hash()</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
core_hash("$ci", "", 4);
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title>RPC Commands</title>
<para>Functions that check or change some global flags accepts one
parameter which is the flag bitmap/mask specifying the corresponding
flags. It is not possible to specify directly the flag position that
should be changed as in the functions available in the routing
script.
</para>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.rand_set_prob">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.rand_set_prop</function></title>
<para>
Set the probability value to the given parameter.
The parameter should be a percent value.
</para>
<para>
The parameter value must be a number from 0 to 100.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.rand_set_prob</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.rand_set_prob 10
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.rand_reset_prob">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.rand_reset_prob</function></title>
<para>
Reset the probability value to the initial start value.
</para>
<para>
This command don't need a parameter.
</para>
<example>
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.rand_reset_prob</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.rand_reset_prob
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.rand_get_prob">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.rand_get_prob</function></title>
<para>
Return the actual probability setting.
</para>
<para>
The function return the actual probability value.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.rand_get_prob</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.rand_get_prob
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.check_config_hash">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.check_config_hash</function></title>
<para>
Check if the actual config file hash is identical to the stored one.
</para>
<para>
The function returns 200 OK if the hash values are identical, 400 if
there are not identical, 404 if no file for hashing has been configured
and 500 on errors. Additional a short text message is printed.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.check_config_hash</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.check_config_hash
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.get_config_hash">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.get_config_hash</function></title>
<para>
Return the stored config file hash.
</para>
<para>
The function returns 200 OK and the hash value on success or 404 if no
file for hashing has been configured.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.get_config_hash</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.get_config_hash
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.set_gflag">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.set_gflag</function></title>
<para>
Set the value of some flags (specified by bitmask) to 1.
</para>
<para>
The parameter value must be a bitmask in decimal or hexadecimal format.
The bitmask has a 32 bit size.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.set_gflag</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.set_gflag 1
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.reset_gflag">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.reset_gflag</function></title>
<para>
Reset the value of some flags to 0.
</para>
<para>
The parameter value must be a bitmask in decimal or hexadecimal format.
The bitmask has a 32 bit size.
</para>
<example>
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.reset_gflag</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.reset_gflag 1
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.is_gflag">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.is_gflag</function></title>
<para>
Returns true if the all the flags from the bitmask are set.
</para>
<para>
The parameter value must be a bitmask in decimal or hexadecimal format.
The bitmask has a 32 bit size.
</para>
<para>
The function returns TRUE if all the flags from the set are set
and FALSE if at least one is not set.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.is_gflag</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.set_gflag 1024
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.is_gflag 1024
TRUE
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
<section id="cfgutils.rpc.get_gflags">
<title><function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.get_gflags</function></title>
<para>
Return the bitmap with all flags. The function gets no
parameters and returns the bitmap in hexadecimal and decimal format.
</para>
<example>
<title>
<function moreinfo="none">cfgutils.get_gflags</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
$ &kamcmd; cfgutils.get_gflags
...
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<title>Exported pseudo-variables</title>
<section>
<title><varname>$RANDOM</varname></title>
<para>
Returns a random value from the [0 - 2^31) range.
</para>
<example>
<title><function moreinfo="none">RANDOM pseudo-variable</function> usage</title>
<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (rand_event()) {
$var(value) = ($RANDOM / 16777216); # 2^24
if ($var(value) < 10) {
$var(value) = 10;
}
append_to_reply("Retry-After: $var(value)\n");
sl_send_reply("503", "Try later");
exit;
};
# normal message processing follows
</programlisting>
</example>
</section>
</section>
</chapter>